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DC Charging Stations: Fast & Efficient EV Charging Solutions

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DC Charging Stations: Fast & Efficient EV Charging Solutions Skip to main content EN JP CN EN JP CN Check Stock Career Investors Contact Products Applications Support About Lem Search Current Sensors 45-90 A 90-180 A 187.5-375 A 375-750 A 750-1500 A 1500-3000 A 3000-6000 A 6000-12000 A 12000-24000 A Other value All Current Sensors Voltage Sensors 25-50 V 50-100 V 100-200 V 200-400 V 400-800 V 800-1600 V 1600-3200 V 3200-6400 V All Voltage Sensors Integrated Current Sensors GO Series HMSR Series GXS Series GXN Series GXM Series All Integrated Current Sensors Rogowski Coil ART Series ARU Series ARH Series INTEGRATORS FOR ROGOWSKI COILS Energy Meters DCES DCBM 400 & 600 DCBM 100 TEMA4G EM4T II All Energy Meters Automotive Battery Management EV Chargers Automotive Motor Control Smart Grid Welding Automation Drives High Precision Power Supplies Renewable Energies Trackside Traction After Sales & RMA Merchandize authorization RMA Categories All after sales and RMA Downloads Application Notes Brochures Certificates All Downloads Technical FAQs General All Technical FAQs Company Information History Board of Directors & Committees Organization Values Compliance Sustainability Our locations All Company Information Quality & Environment Quality Environment All Quality & Environment Our partners Become a LEM Supplier Our general terms & conditions Our distributors News & Events All News & Events What do you need ? Product information Check Stock Global information GO EN JP CN EN JP CN Products Current Sensors Voltage Sensors Integrated Current Sensors Rogowski Coil Energy Meters Applications Automotive Battery Management EV Chargers Automotive Motor Control Smart Grid Welding Automation Drives High Precision Power Supplies Renewable Energies Trackside Traction Support After sales and RMA Downloads Technical FAQs About Lem Company Information Quality & Environment Suppliers News & Events Check Stock Career Investors Contact What do you need ? Product information Check Stock Global information GO Home lem_current_page : DC Charging stations applications DC Charging stations applications Product List Contact Sales DC chargers, or Direct Current chargers, are used for charging electric vehicles (EVs). They convert alternating current (AC) from the power grid into direct current that can be used to charge the battery of an EV. The main advantage of DC charging stations is their speed. They can deliver a high-power output, which significantly reduces the charging time compared to AC chargers.

There are two main types of DC chargers: DC fast chargers and DC wall boxes (also known as DC destination chargers). The primary difference between these two lies in their power output and consequently, their charging speed.

DC fast chargers are high-power chargers that can recharge an EV's battery to 80% in around 20-30 minutes. They are typically found in public charging stations and are ideal for long trips where quick charging is essential.

On the other hand, DC wall boxes have a lower power output and are designed for home or office use. They take longer to charge an EV's battery fully, usually several hours, but they are more affordable and convenient for daily charging needs. The choice between a DC fast charger and a DC wall box depends on the specific requirements of the EV user, such as their driving habits, budget, and access to electric vehicle supply equipment.

LEM provides solutions for power converters and meters, two functions that are integrated within DC chargers.

What are the functions of a DC Charging Station? Both DC fast chargers (or direct current fast chargers) and DC destination chargers, serve several essential functions to facilitate rapid charging of electric vehicles.

DC chargers embed the following key functions, being covered by specific standards and regulations depending on regions.

AC/DC power conversion modules, with a rating between 30-40kW for most of the DC chargers. Up to 6-10 power modules are integrated inside a Direct Current charger.The charger controller / HMI manages power modules, facilitates communication with the BEV, and oversees various components within the chargers. Typically, it is linked to a remote backend system, often via 4G or the Internet. This backend system coordinates charging processes with the e-Mobility Service Provider (eMSP), overseeing payments and connecting with end users. Usually one charger controller in integrated per DC charger.Insulation monitoring, in charge of the control and monitoring of the insulation of the DC lines, protecting both end users and material.DC energy metering is essential for calculating payments based on energy consumed during the charging session. It has become a standard feature in DC chargers, contributing to the transparency of charging across various end users, regardless of the type of BEV being charged.  Measuring current at AC/DC Power module level in DC chargers The AC/DC power module in Direct Current chargers serves a crucial role in the charging process of electric vehicles (EVs). This module is responsible for converting the Alternating Current (AC) from the power grid into Direct Current (DC) that the EV's battery can store and use. 

The conversion process is vital because while our power grid delivers AC, the batteries in EVs can only store and use power in DC form.

Therefore, the AC/DC power module is an essential component in DC chargers, enabling the efficient and safe charging of electric vehicles by ensuring the correct form of current is delivered to the vehicle's battery.

Power converters are placed in stacks to increase the power of DC fast charging stations, up to 400kW. 

In average eight converters are present. In each power module, current sensors are necessary to ensure the control loop function which regulate the stability and the power of inverters.

The current sensing function in AC/DC power modules

 

DC Chargers, AC/DC Power module current sensorsWithin a DC Charger, the control command function of a Power Module AC/DC is ensured by several current sensors. The current sensing function is controlling the AC/DC LLC converters (multiple of 30kW power class) of the EV chargers.

This table below provides LEM current sensors that will fit perfectly in a DC Charging system. 

 

GO

HMSR

HLSR

CKSR

LKSR

Technology

Current Sensor IC

Current Sensor IC

Open Loop

Fluxgate

Closed Loop

Peak Current (current range)

± 75A

± 75A

± 125A

± 180A

± 450A

Current RMS max

30A

30A

80A

75A

200A

Output

Voltage

Voltage, ΣΔ

Voltage, ΣΔ

Voltage

Voltage

Accuracy @25°C

1%

0.4%

0.4%

Accuracy -40°C … 85°C

2.7%

2.5%

3%

1%

1%

Response Time

2 µs

2 µs

2.5 µs

2.5 µs

3 µs

Bandwidth (-3dB)

300 kHz

300 kHz

400 kHz

300 kHz

200 kHz

Supply voltage

+5V / 3.3V

+5V / 3.3V

+5V

+5V

+5V

Creepage & Clearance (prim/Sec)

7.5 mm
8.0 mm

8.0 mm
8.0 mm

9.42 mm
9.42 mm

7.5 mm
7.5 mm

12.9 mm
12.9 mm

Implementation

SOIC 8 or 16

SOIC 16

PCBA

PCBA

PCBA / Aperture

Energy Metering, a key function in DC Charging Stations Energy metering plays a pivotal role in DC charging. It is responsible for the accurate billing of charging sessions based on the amount of energy (kWh) consumed. This ensures that EV users are billed correctly for the power they use, promoting transparency and trust between the service provider and the end-user.

Regulation and Performance of energy metersThe process of energy metering is regulated by metrology, the scientific study of measurement. 

Metrology sets the standards for energy metering, ensuring accuracy and reliability in the measurements. This regulation is crucial as it guarantees performance and protects end-users from potential discrepancies in energy billing.

The roles of DC Meters in a Direct Current charger for EVDirect Current meters, or DC meters, are integral to the process of energy metering within DC chargers. 

They play several key roles:

Integration: They ensure compliance with metrology regulations. They are designed and calibrated to meet the stringent standards set by regulatory bodies, ensuring the accuracy of energy measurements.Protection: DC meters play a crucial role in protecting user data and charging data. They securely store and transmit data, safeguarding the privacy of users and the integrity of the charging system.Display of Information: Meters display information about the charging session, such as the amount of energy consumed, the duration of the charge, and the cost. This information is essential for users to understand their energy usage and costs.Monitoring: They allow to monitor the operation of DC fast chargers, tracking parameters like current, voltage, and temperature. This helps in maintaining the performance of the charger and ensuring its safe operation.

DCBM 400/600 integration into a DC Fast Charger for EV

LEM has its own Direct Current Billing Meter product family, solutions for both DC Fast Charging Systems and DC Destination Charging Systems.

 

Energy Meters for DC Fast Chargers, DC Megawatt Chargers and DC Wall boxes

DCES

The DCES is a DC Metering and monitoring solution up to Megawatt Charging.

Imax 600 / 1500 A, permanent dutyRange of operation up to 1000 / 1500 VDCWide temperature range, -40…+85°CMetering and monitoring with APIs over RS485MID 2014/32/EU and EichrechtView more

DCBM 400/600

The DCBM 400/600 is an excellent solution for retrofit and new DC fast charging stations from 25 to 400 kW.

kWh-based billing in Direct Current fast chargingCertified by PTB and MID (2014/32/EU), UL Recognized400 A or 600 A, 1000 V DCOperating temperature -40 °C … +85 °C (accuracy class B)Ethernet HTTP interface easy to integrate, with securityView more

DCBM 100

For DC destination charging applications in the range of 30kW, DCBM 100 will be the energy meter of choice.

Ready for 800V-platform BEV with V2GCompliant with metrology regulations (MID, Eichrecht)Accuracy class B, -40°C … +80°C, Imax 80 A, 1000 VDC Ethernet HTTP, Plug&Play with Open API profileOCMF Readout dataMonitoring of the DC linkView more

PRODUCT DOCUMENTATION With the rising demand for electric vehicles, high-performance charging infrastructure is essential. Learn how LEM’s advanced current sensing technologies enhance the efficiency, safety, and reliability of EV Supply Equipment.

Our EV Charging Solutions Brochure provides comprehensive insights into how our solutions can improve your EV charging systems for a more sustainable future. 

Download our EV Charging brochure

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